现代交通与冶金材料

针对地铁隧道长期服役性能与风险控制问题，从列车振动、外部作业基坑开挖与降水等因素出发，结合机理研究提出了不同影响因素下隧道变形的预测方法；随后建立了隧道结构安全状态分级的划分标准，并通过盾构隧道横向与纵向力学性能分析，确立了曲率半径与断面收敛的定量分级指标；兼顾变形总量及残余变形裕量，提出了融合“附加变形”与“累积变形”的双控指标体系；建立了围绕作业阶段结构变形监测的“主动防护+动态修复”协同管控体系，通过外部作业过程控制和洞内加固治理形成动态平衡的结构安全保护机制；进而针对洞内病害，建立了分级分层治理方法，细化了处置路径与技术措施。形成了地铁隧道长期服役性能维护与风险控制体系，可为地铁盾构隧道的结构安全保护提供支撑。

Focusing on the long-term service performance and risk control of subway tunnels， this study investigates influencing factors such as train-induced vibrations， foundation pit excavation， and dewatering associated with external operations. Based on mechanistic research， deformation prediction methods for tunnels under various influencing factors are proposed. Subsequently， a classification standard for tunnel structural safety states is established. Through the analysis of the transverse and longitudinal mechanical performance of shield tunnels， quantitative grading indicators for curvature radius and cross-sectional convergence are defined. By comprehensively considering total deformation and residual deformation margins， a dual-control indicator system integrating “additional deformation” and “cumulative deformation” is introduced. Furthermore， a collaborative control system featuring “active protection + dynamic restoration” is developed， centered on structural deformation monitoring during operational phases. This establishes a structural safety protection mechanism that achieves a dynamic equilibrium between external operation process control and internaltunnel reinforcement. Regarding internal defects， a hierarchical treatment methodology is established， detailing specific remediation pathways.