| 0 | 0 | 33 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
为探明均匀化工艺对汽车发动机 Al⁃Cu⁃Sc 合金弥散相演变的影响机制,探索合适的热处理 工艺以提升合金综合性能,本研究采用力学性能测试与微观结构表征相结合的方法,系统开展不同 均匀化工艺条件下合金对比研究。结果显示 500 ℃均匀化处理可使合金中 Al₂Cu 初生相完全溶入铝基体,获得最高 79.2 ±0.7 HV 的硬度,并确定 500 ℃×50 h+250 ℃×1 h 为最佳均匀化工艺;综上,该均匀化工艺能够优化合金微观组织、显著提升力学耐热性能,可为新型车用发动机铝合金开发及配套热处理工艺制定提供理论与工艺支撑。
Abstract:In order to explore the mechanism by which homogenization processes affect the evolution of dispersed phases in Al⁃Cu⁃Sc alloys for automotive engines and identify appropriate heat treatment procedures to improve the comprehensive properties of the alloys, comparative systematic investigations of alloys under various homogenization conditions are carried out via a combination of mechanical property tests and microstructural characterizations. The results indicate that homogenization treatment at 500 ℃ enables the complete dissolution of primary Al₂Cu phases into the Al matrix,yielding a maximum hardness of 79.2 ±0.7 HV. The optimal homogenization process is determined as 500 ℃ × 50 h + 250 ℃ × 1 h. In summary, this homogenization process can optimize the alloy's microstructure and significantly enhance its mechanical and heat⁃resistant performances, providing theoretical and technical support for the development of novel aluminum alloys for automotive engines and the formulation of corresponding heat treatment processes.
[ 1] TANG Y, ZHANG L J, DU Y. Diffusivities in liquid and FCC Al⁃Mg⁃Si alloys and their application to the simulation of solidification and dissolution processes[J].CALPHAD: Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry,2015,49:58-66.
[ 2] VATSAYAN U, PANDEY K M, BISWAS A. Ef⁃fects of heat treatment on materials used in automobiles: a case study[J]. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering,2014,11(5):90-95.
[ 3] ANTUNES R A, DE OLIVEIRA M C L. Materials selection for hot stamped automotive body parts: an application of the Ashby approach based on the strain hardening exponent and stacking fault energy of materials
[J]. Materials & Design,2014,63:247-256.[ 4] HIRSCH J. Recent development in aluminium for automotive applications[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2014,24(7):1995-2002.
[ 5] KOLOBNEV N I, BER L B, KHOKHLATOVA L B, et al. Structure, properties and application of alloys of the Al-Mg-Si-(Cu) system[J]. Metal Science and Heat Treatment,2012,53(9):440-444.
[ 6] BHARDWAJ R A, Purohit R. Aluminum alloys in sustainable manufacturing: a review[J]. Sustainable Materials and Technologies,2026,48: e02028-e02028.
[ 7] GAYLE F W, GOODWAY M. Precipitation hardening in the first aerospace aluminum alloy: the wright flyer crankcase[J]. Science,1994,266(5187):1015-1017.
[ 8] JIANG L, LANGAN T, WOOD T, et al. Isotropy of precipitate distribution in pre-stretched Al-Cu(- Sc)-(Zr) alloys[J]. Scripta Materialia,2022,210:114452.
[ 9] JIANG L, ROUXEL B, LANGAN T, et al. Coupled segregation mechanisms of Sc, Zr and Mn at θ′ interfaces enhances the strength and thermal stability of AlCu alloys[J]. Acta Materialia,2021,206:116634.
[10] BOURGEOIS L, DWYER C, WEYLAND M, et al.Structure and energetics of the coherent interface between the θ′ precipitate phase and aluminium in Al–Cu[J]. Acta Materialia,2011,59(18):7043-7050.
[11] MUDDLE B C, POLMEAR I J. The precipitate Ωphase in Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys[J]. Acta Metallurgica,1989,37(3):777-789.
[12] WYSS R K, SANDERS R E. Microstructure-property relationship in a 2xxx aluminum alloy with Mg addition[J]. Metallurgical Transactions A,1988,19(10):2523-2530.
[13] DAHMEN U, WESTMACOTT K H. Ledge structure and the mechanism of θ′ precipitate growth in Al-Cu[J]. Physica Status Solidi (a),1983,80(1):249-262.
[14] 范文秀,刘欢,吴玉娜,等 . Al-Mg-Si 导电铝合金的研究现状及发展趋势[J]. 现代交通与冶金材料,2025,5(3):86-100.
[15] CHEN Y T, NIEH G Y, WANG J H, et al. Effects of Cu/Mg ratio and heat treatment on microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-4.6Cu-Mg-0.5Ag alloys[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2015, 162:764-770.
[16] TRIPATHY S, SUTRADHAR G. Effect of copper addition on tensile behaviour of Al-Cu alloy used in high temperature applications[J]. International Journal of Surface Engineering and Interdisciplinary Materials Sci⁃ence,2022,10(1):1-16.
[17] ROUXEL B, RAMAJAYAM M, LANGAN T J, et al. Effect of dislocations, Al3(Sc, Zr) distribution and ageing temperature on θ′ precipitation in Al-Cu-(Sc)-(Zr) alloys[J]. Materialia,2020,9:100610.
[18] KANG S J, KIM Y W, KIM M, et al. Determination of interfacial atomic structure, misfits and energetics of Ω phase in Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy[J]. Acta Materialia,2014,81:501-511.
[19] ROSALIE J M, BOURGEOIS L. Silver segregation to θ′(Al2Cu)-Al interfaces in Al-Cu-Ag alloys[J]. Acta Materialia,2012,60(17):6033-6041.
[20] LAMB J, ROUXEL B, LANGAN T, et al. Novel AlCu-Mn-Zr-Sc compositions exhibiting increased mechanical performance after a high-temperature thermal exposure[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Per⁃
formance,2020,29(9):5672-5684.
[21] GAO Y H, KUANG J, ZHANG J Y, et al. Tailoring precipitation strategy to optimize microstructural evolution, aging hardening and creep resistance in an Al-CuSc alloy by isochronal aging[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A,2020,795:139943.
[22] POZDNYAKOV A V, BARKOV R Y, SARSENBAEV Z, et al. Evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of a new Al-Cu-Er wrought alloy[J]. Physics of Metals and Metallography,2019,120(6):614-619.
[23] GAO Y H, KUANG J, LIU G, et al. Effect of minor Sc and Fe co-addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Cu alloys during homogenization treatment[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2019,746:11-26.
[24] GAO Y H, CAO L F, YANG C, et al. Costabilization of θ′-Al2Cu and Al3Sc precipitates in Scmicroalloyed Al-Cu alloy with enhanced creep resistance
[J]. Materials Today Nano,2019,6:100035.
[25] SUN F F, NASH G L, LI Q Y, et al. Effect of Sc and Zr additions on microstructures and corrosion behavior of Al-Cu-Mg-Sc-Zr alloys[J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology,2017,33(9):1015-1022.
[26] YANG C, ZHANG P, SHAO D, et al. The influence of Sc solute partitioning on the microalloying effect and mechanical properties of Al-Cu alloys with minor Sc addition[J]. Acta Materialia,2016,119:68-79.
[27] CHEN B A, LIU G, WANG R H, et al. Effect of interfacial solute segregation on ductile fracture of Al-Cu-Sc alloys[J]. Acta Materialia,2013,61(5):1676-1690.
[28] 钟立伟,王健,丁西西,等 . Sc 在 Al-Cu 合金中的作用研 究 进 展[J]. 稀 有 金 属 与 硬 质 合 金 ,2022,50(1):52-56.
[29] JIA M, ZHENG Z Q, GONG Z. Microstructure evolution of the 1469 Al-Cu-Li-Sc alloy during homogenization[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,614:131-139.
[30] LI B, PAN Q L, YIN Z M. Characterization of hot deformation behavior of as-homogenized Al-Cu-Li-Sc-Zr alloy using processing maps[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A,2014,614:199-206.
[31] GAZIZOV M, TELESHOV V, ZAKHAROV V, et al. Solidification behaviour and the effects of homogenisation on the structure of an Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Sc alloy[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2011,509(39):9497-9507.
[32] CHEN B A, PAN L, WANG R H, et al. Effect of solution treatment on precipitation behaviors and age hardening response of Al-Cu alloys with Sc addition[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2011, 530:607-617.
[33] 孙琪琛,陈家浩,赵瑞欣,等 . Sn 微合金化和时效温度对 Al-Mg-Si 合金微观结构和力学性能的影响[J]. 现代交通与冶金材料,2023,3(6):88-94.
[34] 李俊,易幼平,黄始全,等 . 双级固溶处理对 2A14 铝合金组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 热加工工艺,2017,46(4):207-211.
[35] 刘若梅,李慧中,孟伟,等 . 固溶处理对高纯 Al-CuMg 合金显微组织及力学性能的影响[J]. 轻合金加工技术,2015,43(10):53-60.
[36] 吴杨,黄晖,石薇,等 . 固溶时效处理对 Al-Cu-Mn-Er铸造合金力学性能和显微组织的影响[J]. 金属热处理,2022,47(6):7-13.
[37] 陈仁宗,赵平,范可歆,等 . 固溶处理对 Al-Cu-B 合金组织的影响 J]. 中国有色冶金,2010,39(2):65-69.
[38] YANG C, CAO L F, GAO Y H, et al. Nanostructural Sc-based hierarchy to improve the creep resistance of Al-Cu alloys[J]. Materials & Design, 2020, 186:108309.
[39] LIU X, GUO Z C, XUE J L, et al. Microstructures and mechanical properties of the Al-Cu-Sc alloys pre⁃pared by ultrasound-assisted molten salt electrolysis[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2020,818:152870.
[40] GAO Y H, CAO L F, KUANG J, et al. Si-mediated reassembly of interfacially segregated Sc atoms in an AlCu-Sc alloy exposed to high-temperature creep[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2020,845:156266.
[41] YANG C, SHAO D, ZHANG P, et al. The influence of Sc solute partitioning on ductile fracture of Scmicroalloyed Al-Cu alloys[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A,2018,717:113-123.
[42] WU S H, ZHANG P, SHAO D, et al. Grain sizedependent Sc microalloying effect on the yield strengthpitting corrosion correlation in Al-Cu alloys[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A,2018,721:200-214.
[43] YANG C, CHENG P M, CHEN B A, et al. Solute clusters-promoted strength-ductility synergy in Al-Sc alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology,2022,96:325-331.
[44] ZHAO R X, WENG Y Y, LI R M, et al. Effects of non-isothermal aging and microalloying on precipitation strengthening for Al-Mg-Si alloys[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2025,1010:177138.
[45] SAITO G, SANO Y, MIZUNO K, et al. Precipitation behavior during low-temperature aging in Al-Mg-Si alloy using STEM-EDS intensity correlograms[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: A,2025,923:147686.
[46] QIN J, ZHANG Z, CHEN X G. Mechanical properties and strengthening mechanisms of Al-15 pct B4C composites with Sc and Zr at elevated temperatures[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2016,47(9):4694-4708.
基本信息:
引用信息:
[1]刘倜,左宏远,王毓玮,等.均匀化处理对 Al‑Cu‑Sc 合金中弥散相演变的影响机制研究[J],2026(04):114-121.
基金信息:
镇江市产业前瞻和共性关键技术项目(GY2025011)
2026-07-15